Steel Channels: UPN, UPE and PFC Sizes and Uses
Steel channel sections explained: UPN with tapered flanges, UPE and PFC with parallel flanges, American C-channels, typical sizes, weights and uses in fabrication.
Saudi Steel Work Editorial Team · · 3 min read
Short answer: Steel channels are C-shaped sections. UPN channels have tapered inner flanges; UPE (European) and PFC (British parallel flange channels) have parallel flanges, which simplify bolting. American C and MC channels are also used. Channels serve as trimmers, stair stringers, bracing, lintels and secondary framing.
Channels are versatile hot-rolled sections used across structural and miscellaneous steelwork. Several families exist, and the differences matter for detailing.
Channel families
| Family | Standard | Flanges | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| UPN | DIN 1026-1 / EN 10279 tolerances | Tapered | Traditional European channel |
| UPE | Euronorm | Parallel | Modern European channel |
| PFC | BS 4-1 | Parallel | British parallel flange channel |
| C / MC | ASTM A6 | Tapered (C) | American standard and miscellaneous channels |
Common uses
- Stair stringers — channels carry treads with welded cleats
- Trimmers around floor openings
- Lintels, often back-to-back
- Purlins and girts in heavier industrial buildings
- Bracing and truss members
- Equipment frames and skids
- Vehicle and trailer chassis
Tapered vs parallel flanges
UPN and American C-channels have a sloping inner flange face. Bolting through it requires tapered washers. Parallel-flange channels (UPE, PFC) avoid this, which is why many fabricators prefer them.
Orientation and stability
A channel's shear centre lies outside the web, so loads applied through the web can cause twisting. Engineers account for this with restraint or by using channels in pairs. Avoid substituting channels for I-sections without checks.
Sizes and weights
Channels range from small sizes (for example UPN 50 or PFC 100) used in light fabrication up to around 400 mm deep for heavy framing. Weight per metre varies by family; always use the specific family's table. For quick estimates, use our steel weight calculator.
Grades
Commonly S275JR or S355JR (EN 10025-2), or ASTM A36 for American channels. See S275 vs S355.
Buying tips
- Specify the family (UPN, UPE, PFC, C) — "200 channel" is ambiguous.
- Check availability: some families are more common regionally than others.
- Request heat-numbered certificates.
Channels are part of our structural steel sections range. Request a quote.